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Unità
1
Introduzione alla comunicazione
24
in English, please
unità
1
Communication between two systems is the process
enabling them to exchange information. For this to occur
between two systems, which may be remote from each
other, they must be interconnected by a communication
network. It is also essential that they implement the same
protocols, that is, follow established rules governing
the sending and receiving of messages on the network.
Protocols are defined by international standards to
which every entity operating on the network must
conform so as to ensure communication, even between
systems and networks of a different kind. The historical
evolution of forms of communication and devices has
led to modern computer networks which implement
two different paradigms: Client-Server and Peer-to-Peer.
The ever increasing use of networks for the exchange of
information has highlighted the problem of computer
and network security: this has stimulated an ongoing
search for increasingly sophisticated tools so as to
ensure the security of data stored on computers and
sent over network.
Abstract
AN INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION
Exercise
Use the appropriate number to match words and meanings.
… Access
1 A system with a central mainframe accessed from remote terminals
… Edge
2 An application used to interact with a Web server
… Core
3 Allows you to send commands to a mainframe
… Wired network
4 It uses the radio frequency spectrum
… Terminal
5 It is installed between the access device and the core device
… Browser
6 A network in which all the components are connected with cables
… Teleprocessing
7 To connect to the network
… Wireless network
8 A router in the backbone
Backbone:
it is the part of a network that acts as the
primary path for all network traffic, which requests a
very high bandwidth. A backbone network of a service
provider connects many enterprise networks.
Client:
network clients are computers on the network
that allowusers to request shared resources on the servers.
End system:
device which users may use to access
the information at a remote site.
Host:
a device (such as computer, server, printer, etc.)
that can communicate on the network.
Intermediate system:
device which does not directly
support users, but forwards received data towards the
destination.
Internetworking:
it is the process of interconnecting a
number of individual networks to provide a path from
a host on one network to a host on another network.
Network:
it consists of devices connected by media
(cable, fiber-optic, microwave, etc.).
P2P:
Peer-to-Peer is a network in which resources and
files are shared without a centralizedmanagement source.
Protocol:
a protocol is a set of rules for the exchange
of data between a terminal and a computer or between
two computers. A protocol is embedded in the network
software.
Server:
a computer providing shared resources on the
network and allows clients to access this information.
Standard:
standards provide guidelines for
interoperability among devices from different vendors.
Glossary
Glossario
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