Basic HTML Version
1
First we have to consider word classes: a word can be pronoun, verb, noun, determiner, preposition, adjective,
adverb or a linker.
It is important to recognize them
.
Secondly, remember that some words change their class and their meaning according to the context; some may
also change their pronunciation when their class changes even though they are homonyms, i.e. written exactly the
same. Mark those where pronunciation changes.
Example
Don’t
report me
to the director (class: verb; meaning: tell someone about something)
Your
report
is well-done (class: noun; meaning: description of facts).
2
What are the classes and the meanings of the words in italics?
The word order of a sentence obviously depends on the type of sentence (affirmative, negative, interrogative) and on
its complexity.
Word classes and meanings
Word order
WORKING ON GRAMMAR
Class
Meaning
1
I’ll
show
you my new flat
The
show
must go on
2
Sue and Steve
like
music
Do it
like
me
3
They usually
watch
TV after dinner
My
watch
is slow
4
Close
the door, please!
They live
close
to me
I live in Freedom
Close
5
Change
that dress, it’s horrible!
Here is your
change
!
6
There are a lot of football
fans
That lady uses an expensive
fan
REMEMBER!
“S V O M P T”, a mnemonic to help you remember the “basic” word order for an
AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENT
,
S
is the
SUBJECT
,
V
is the
VERB
,
O
is the
OBJECT
,
M
is the
MANNER
(
how
something is done),
P
is the
PLACE
(
where
it is done),
T
is the
TIME
(
when
it is done).
She drove the car very well through London yesterday!
When a verb (like
send
and
give
) has got two objects there are two possibilities:
the indirect object precedes the direct
give me the book
give John the book
the direct object precedes the indirect
give the book to me / give it to me
give the book to John / give it to him
If the direct object precedes, the indirect object needs the preposition
to
.
If the objects are both pronouns, the direct object always precedes the indirect object.
REMEMBER!
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